Sustainable cities and communities
Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
More than half of the world’s population now lives in urban areas. By 2050, that figure will have risen to 6.5 billion people – two-thirds of humanity. Sustainable development cannot be achieved without significantly transforming the way we build and manage our urban spaces.
The rapid growth of cities in the developing world, coupled with increasing rural to urban migration, has led to a boom in mega-cities. In 1990, there were ten mega-cities with 10 million inhabitants or more. In 2014, there are 28 mega-cities, home to a total of 453 million people.
Extreme poverty is often concentrated in urban spaces, and national and city governments struggle to accommodate the rising population in these areas. Making cities safe and sustainable means ensuring access to safe and affordable housing, and upgrading slum settlements. It also involves investment in public transport, creating green public spaces, and improving urban planning and management in a way that is both participatory and inclusive.
SDG 11: Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums
Indicator : 11.1.1 Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements or inadequate housing
Data Providers : (1) Census of Slum Areas and Floating Population, BBS, SID (2) UN-Habitat
By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
Indicator : 11.2.1 Proportion of population that has convenient access to public transport, by sex, age and persons with disabilities
Data Providers : (1) BRTA, RTHD (2) BRTC, RTHD (3) BIWTC, MoS (4) BIWTA, MoS (5) BR, MoR (6) BBS, SID (7) CAAB, MoCAT
By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries
Indicator : 11.3.1 Ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate
Data Providers : (1) MoL (2) MoHPW (3) BBS, SID
Indicator : 11.3.2 Proportion of cities with a direct participation structure of civil society in urban planning and management that operate regularly and democratically
Data Providers : (1) LGD
Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage
By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations
Indicator : 11.5.1 Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
Data Providers : (1) DDM, MoDMR (2) ICCHL, BBS, SID (3) MIS, DGHS, MoHFW (4) Bangladesh Forest Department (BFD), MoEF
Indicator : 11.5.2 Direct economic loss in relation to global GDP, damage to critical infrastructure and number of disruptions to basic services, attributed to disasters
Data Providers : (1) BBS, SID (2) DDM, MoDMR
By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention t o air quality and municipal and other waste management
Indicator : 11.6.1 Proportion of urban solid waste regularly collected and with adequate final discharge out of total urban solid waste generated, by cities
Data Providers : (1) City Corporations, LGD
Indicator : 11.6.2 Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter (e.g. PM2.5 and PM10) in cities (population weighted)
Data Providers : (1) DoE, MoEF
By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
Indicator : 11.7.1 Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open space for public use for all, by sex, age and persons with disabilities
Data Providers : (1) City Corporations, LGD (2) Development Authorities, i.e. RAJUK, CDA, KDA etc, MoHPW (3) UDD, MoHPW
Indicator : 11.7.2 Proportion of persons victim of physical or sexual harassment, by sex, age, disability status and place of occurrence, in the previous 12 months
Data Providers : (1) VAW Survey, BBS, SID
Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning
Indicator : 11.a.1 Proportion of population living in cities that implement urban and regional development plans integrating population projections and resource needs, by size of city
Data Providers : (1) City Corporations, LGD (2) Development Authorities, MoHPW (3) UDD, MoHPW
By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework f or Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels
Indicator : 11.b.1 Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
Data Providers : (1) MoDMR
Indicator : 11.b.2 Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
Data Providers : (1) LGD (2) MoDMR
Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials
Indicator : 11.c.1 Proportion of financial support to the least developed countries that is allocated to the construction and retrofitting of sustainable, resilient and resource-efficient buildings utilizing local materials
Data Providers : (1) ERD (2) PWD, MoHPW (3) HBRI, MoHPW
Facts and Figures
4.2 billion
In 2018, 4.2 billion people, 55 percent of the world’s population, lived in cities. By 2050, the urban population is expected to reach 6.5 billion.
3%
Cities occupy just 3 percent of the Earth’s land but account for 60 to 80 percent of energy consumption and at least 70 percent of carbon emissions.
828 million
828 million people are estimated to live in slums, and the number is rising.
33
In 1990, there were 10 cities with 10 million people or more; by 2014, the number of mega-cities rose to 28, and was expected to reach 33 by 2018. In the future, 9 out of 10 mega-cities will be in the developing world.
90%
In the coming decades, 90 percent of urban expansion will be in the developing world.
80%
The economic role of cities is significant. They generate about 80 percent of the global GDP.